Evaluation of repellents for the redbay ambrosia beetle. A new distribution map is provided for xyleborus glabratus eichhoff. Terpenoid emissions, relative attraction and boring preferences of redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus. The pathogen that causes the disease is a fungal symbiont of the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff coleoptera. If you do not see its contents the file may be temporarily unavailable at the journal website or you do not have a pdf plugin installed and enabled in your browser. Notes on the biology and distribution of five species of xyleborus are given here. As in all other ambrosia beetles in the tribe xyleborini, xyleborus affinis is haplodiploid and inbred. Xyleborus glabratus the redbay ambrosia beetle is a type of ambrosia beetle invasive to the united states. Continuing to use this website means you agree to our use of cookies.
Rearing redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus. The redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus is a dark colored, bullet shaped beetle with small puncturelike dents covering the elytra, and is 2 mm long when mature. Xyleborus affinis xyleborus ferrugineus xyleborus pubescens xyleborus glabratus xylosandrus amputatus. Both the pathogen and the insect vector originate from asia and have shown invasive behaviour in the usa. With over 500 species, xyleborus is by far the largest ambrosia beetle genus in the tribe xyleborini xyloborus nowadays includes a number of formerly independent genera. All are suspected to have been introduced in solid wood packing materials, such as crates and pallets haack 2003. Key words xyleborus glabratus, ambrosia beetle, redbay. Xyleborus glabratus is a small, slender, cylindrical beetle about 2 mm long and brown or black in color. Manuka oil and phoebe oil are attractive baits for xyleborus glabratus coleoptera. It forms a symbiosis with the ambrosia fungus raffaelea lauricola t.
In a series of experiments using bolts from healthy and diseased trees, x. The redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus, is the vector of the laurel wilt disease fungal pathogen, raffaelea lauricola. In addition the key is presented in electronic format with additional. Redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus and laurel. The recent introduction, rapid spread, and high mortality rates associated with x. Its punctures are relatively large, larger and deeper than on the elytral disc, and the surface. Pdf geographic variation in mycangial communities of. Xyleborus glabratus is the twelfth species of nonnative ambrosia beetle known to have become established in the u. Xyleborus glabratus weekly captures over time week 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 beetles week 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 phoebe manuka control freeze. Save map as png save map as svg save list as excel file save list as csv file. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated. A guide to floridas common bark and ambrosia beetles. Analysis of sesquiterpene distributions in the leaves. It has been documented as the primary vector of raffaelea lauricola, the fungus that causes laurel wilt, a disease that can kill several north american tree species in the family lauraceae, including redbay, sassafras, and avocado.
It is very similar to other members of the genus but the combination of its coloration, glabrous elytra, and abrupt declivity distinguishes it from other species mayfield and thomas 2006. One invasive species, the redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus eichhoff, is discussed in. Redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus eichhoff edis. Xyleborus glabratus is a small, elongate, cylindrical beetle about 2 mm in length. Xyleborus glabratus is a small, elongate, cylindrical beetle about 2 mm in length fig. The cause of this tree mortality has been identified as raffaelea lauricola, a fungus which serves as a food source for the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus coleoptera. Scolytinae 2 species from other ambrosia beetles occurring in florida mayfield and thomas 2006. Larvae of the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff, inside galleries which adult females constructed. We present the initial distributional reports we have of target and nontarget.
The beetle and fungus were recently introduced into the united states, where they have killed millions of. The redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff, is native to southeast asia, where it specializes on lauraceae trees. Redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus eichhoff. Beetle populations increase rapidly where redbays have died from laurel wilt. Redbay ambrosia beetle rab, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff coleoptera. Since the vectors initial detection in the usa in the early 2000s, laurel wilt has killed millions of redbay, persea borbonia, trees and other members of the plant family lauraceae. Purple, prism traps without lures were placed for agrilus auroguttatus and a. Efficacy of selected attractants for monitoring the. Life cycle xyleborus glabratus adults are small, 0. The procoxae are contiguous, and the scutellum is large and flushed with the elytra. It is not a host generalist in the us, but appears to be restricted to members of the lauraceae 1,6. Origin xyleborus glabratus is native to india, japan, myanmar, and taiwan. Xyleborus glabratus is a caps additional pests of concern for fiscal year 2011 new pest advisory group recommendation.
Xyleborus glabratus xylbgroverview eppo global database. We do not use these to store personal information about you. Like other ambrosia beetles in the subtribe xyleborina, the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichoff coleoptera. Xyleborus bispinatus reared on artificial media in the presence or absence of the laurel wilt pathogen raffaelea lauricola article pdf available in insects 91. Sco lytinae, is a woodboring pest that transmits the fungal pathogen. Disruption of anthropogenic, long distance dispersal could reduce the likelihood of this outcome. Brood production by xyleborus glabratus in bolts from. Scolytinae, and is carried in the mandibular mycangia of the beetle fraedrich et al. Xyleborus glabratus is an ambrosia beetle native to asia which is the only known vector of a newly discovered fungus raffaelea lauricola that causes laurel wilt in members of the lauraceae family, most notably redbay trees persea borbonia and avocado p. Scolytinae, is an exotic woodboring insect that vectors raffaelea lauricola, the fungal pathogen responsible for laurel wilt, a lethal disease of trees in the lauraceae. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Xyleborus glabratus ichhoff coeotera 2 scoytinae sorting xyleborus glabratus survey lindgren funnel traps should be sorted initially for the presence of beetles of the appropriate size color and shape. The redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff coleoptera. Community and ecosystem ecology spatiotemporal analysis of xyleborus glabratus coleoptera.
However, expert examination by a specialist is needed for positive identification and confirmation. Adult male a and female b of the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus dorsal view above, lateral view below. Report on the destruction of beercasks in india by the attacks of a boring beetle xyleborus. Xyleborus glabratus, redbay ambrosia beetle florida department. Xyleborus glabratus and raffaelea lauricola on cinnamomum camphora pdf of manuscript. Pdf evaluation of repellents for the redbay ambrosia beetle. The redbay ambrosia beetle is a member of the family curculionidae along with weevils, which can be identified with a characteristic snout representing modified mandibles for taking up nutrients. Pdf the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus, is the vector of the laurel wilt disease fungal pathogen, raffaelea lauricola. Overview origin xyleborus glabratus is native to india, japan, myanmar, and taiwan. Raffaelea lauricola european and mediterranean plant.
Rab is an effective vector of raffaelea lauricola t. Less often, ambrosiodmus, premnobius and xyleborinus are included in. Pdf the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus, is an important pest of redbay persea borbonia and swamp bay p. Xyleborus have an obliquely truncate club with only one suture visible on the posterior face. In asia, reported hosts include tree species from the dipteracarpaceae, fabaceae, figure 2. Attraction of the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus, to avocado, lychee, and essential oil lures. Scolytinae which is comprised of weevils and bark beetles. This page was last edited on 30 august 2019, at 12. Genetic variability among xyleborus glabratus populations.
This is a large and somewhat artificial genus that will eventually get divided into several others. Redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus and laurel wilt raffaelea lauricola in south florida author. Discovery of redbay ambrosia beetle and laurel wilt. Xyleborus glabratus, redbay ambrosia beetle, rab, raffaelea lauricola, laurel wilt, lw created date. Xyleborus glabratus georgia invasive species task force. Comparative analysis of terpenoid emissions from florida. The beetle and fungus were introduced from asia into the usa near savannah, georgia, around 2002 fraedrich. Chemical ecology of xyleborus glabratus and for monitoring. Predators and parasitoids associated with scolytinae in. The larva of xyleborus glabratus is similar to other scolytid beetles. First detected in the us near savannah, georgia in 2002, the beetle and it fungal symbiont, raffaelea lauricola.
Potential invasion of exotic ambrosia beetles xyleborus glabratus. The biology of the genus xyleborus, with more new species. Adults of all xyleborus species are sexually dimorphic, with females being larger than males. Pest description from exotic forest pest information system for north america. Redbay ambrosia beetle xyleborus glabratus eichhoff insecta. Xyleborus saxeseni and rhizophagus perforatus 20140406. Ophiostoma research bluestain and ohter fungi associated. C e spatiotemporal analysis of xyleborus glabratus.
Geographic variation in mycangial communities of xyleborus glabratus article pdf available in mycologia 1084 april 2016 with 78 reads how we measure reads. Many new invasive species within this group have been detected recently in north america. This means that females hatch from fertilized eggs with both the mothers and the fathers genetic information. Lastly, wet, crossvane traps with megaplatypus mutatus lures were set up for that species. The redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff scolytinae. Mayfield iii, forest entomologist, florida department of.
To remedy this situation, an illustrated key is constructed and xyleborus glabratus eichhoff, xyleborussimilis ferrari,and euwallaceafornicatus eichhoff,whicharenewtonorthamerica,are reported and diagnosed. Xyleborus glabratus is a member of the curculionidae subfamily. Platypodidae and scolytidae of the society islands. Xyleborus glabratus is the twelfth species of nonnative ambrosia beetle known to have become established in the us since 1990. The redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff. Scolytinae, lives within the sapwood of stressed or dying trees and feeds only on mutualistic fungi kirkendall et al. Pdf attraction of redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus. Males, on the other hand, only inherit their mothers genes they never have a father. General information about xyleborus glabratus xylbgr this website uses cookies our website uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best possible online experience. Most xyleborus beetles have an elongated, cylindrical body and are yellow, red or light brown in color.
Spatiotemporal analysis of xyleborus glabratus avocadosource. Information is given on the geographical distribution in asia bangladesh, china, fujian, hunan, sichuan, india, assam, west bengal, japan, kyushu, myanmar and taiwan and north america usa, alabama. Scolytidae is a nonnative insect first discovered in the united states in 2002 in port wentworth, georgia. Pdf attraction of the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus.
It is a white, cshaped, legless grub with an ambercolored head capsule rabaglia 2008. Media in category xyleborus glabratus this category contains only the following file. This work can also alert relevant managers and authorities regarding this threat. Raffaelea lauricola is the causal agent of laurel wilt and a fungal symbiont of its vector, the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus. Oil xyleborus glabratus lures were placed for those species. Xyleborus glabratus was added to the manual in 2010. Pdf xyleborus bispinatus reared on artificial media in.
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